Common Misconceptions About ADHD in Children and Adults
Jan 07, 2025
Before my own child was diagnosed with ADHD I had a very limited understanding of this form of neurodiversity. Even though I was a board certified physician, even I had some misconceptions. Come to find out, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is actually one of the most commonly misunderstood neurodevelopmental conditions. In spite of ADHD being a common form of neurodiversity, myths about ADHD in children and adults continue to be propagated. Unfortunately, this has lead to stigma, misdiagnosis, and delayed interventions. Understanding the truth about ADHD can help parents, educators, and even adults living with this form of neurodivergence create a more supportive environment. Below are some of the most common misconceptions about ADHD—and the facts that dispel them.
Misconception #1: ADHD Is Just an Excuse for Laziness or Bad Behavior
One of the most damaging myths is that ADHD is not a real condition but instead an excuse for being lazy, unmotivated, or misbehaving.
The Truth:
ADHD is a legitimate, neurobiological condition that affects the brain’s executive functions, such as attention, impulse control, and emotional regulation. Children with ADHD may struggle to follow instructions, focus on tasks, or regulate their behavior—not because they are lazy, but because their brains work differently. Similarly, adults with ADHD may appear disorganized or procrastinate, but these behaviors come from neurological challenges, not character flaws.
Misconception #2: ADHD Only Affects Boys
ADHD has been stereotyped as a “boys’ condition,” with hyperactivity being the hallmark trait. As a result, many girls—and even some boys—whose symptoms don’t fit the stereotype remain undiagnosed.
The Truth:
ADHD affects individuals of all genders. While boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, girls often have inattentive symptoms, such as daydreaming, forgetfulness, or trouble focusing. These differences in symptom presentation can lead to underdiagnosis in girls and women, who may not receive the support they need until adulthood. That being said, many girls do also have the combined type of ADHD and do exhibit issues with hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Misconception #3: ADHD Disappears in Adulthood
Another common myth is that ADHD is something children “grow out of.”
The Truth:
ADHD often does persist into adulthood. Symptoms can change over time, but at least 60% of children with ADHD continue to experience challenges as adults. For instance, hyperactivity may decrease, but issues like procrastination, emotional dysregulation, or difficulty focusing on tasks often remain. Many adults with ADHD also develop coping strategies to manage their symptoms, but the underlying condition doesn’t go away. Adult hyperactivity may instead transition to a state of internal restlessness rather than outward hyperactivity.
Misconception #4: All Children With ADHD Are Hyperactive
The image of a child bouncing off the walls is often associated with ADHD, leading to the misconception that all children with ADHD are hyperactive and disruptive.
The Truth:
Not all individuals with ADHD are hyperactive. ADHD has three main presentations:
1. Inattentive Type: Characterized by difficulty sustaining focus, forgetfulness, and disorganization.
2. Hyperactive-Impulsive Type: Marked by restlessness, impulsivity, and excessive activity.
3. Combined Type: A mix of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
Children with inattentive ADHD may appear quiet, shy, or “zoned out,” and their struggles are often overlooked.
Misconception #5: ADHD Is Caused by Bad Parenting or Diet
It’s not uncommon for parents of children with ADHD to be blamed for their child’s behavior. Similarly, some believe that sugar or processed foods cause ADHD.
The Truth:
ADHD is not caused by parenting or diet. It is a neurodevelopmental condition with genetic, neurological, and environmental factors. While certain parenting strategies can help manage symptoms and dietary choices may impact behavior, they are not the root cause of ADHD. Research shows that ADHD runs in families, indicating a strong genetic component.
Misconception #6: People With ADHD Can’t Focus at All
Because ADHD involves attention challenges, some mistakenly believe that individuals with ADHD can’t focus on anything.
The Truth:
People with ADHD can focus, especially on tasks they find interesting or engaging. This is often referred to as hyperfocus, a state of intense concentration on a single activity to the exclusion of everything else. The difficulty lies in regulating attention—shifting focus when needed or sustaining it on less stimulating tasks.
Misconception #7: ADHD Is Overdiagnosed
The growing awareness of ADHD has led some to believe it is overdiagnosed or overmedicated, especially in children.
The Truth:
While ADHD diagnosis rates have increased, this reflects better awareness and improved access to mental health services—not overdiagnosis. In fact, many individuals, particularly girls, minorities, and adults, remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Accurate diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation by a qualified professional.
What Can Parents Do?
Understanding the truth about ADHD is the first step toward providing support. If your child has ADHD, consider these tips:
Learn about the condition: Equip yourself with accurate information from trusted sources.
Advocate for your child: Work with teachers, doctors, and therapists to create a supportive environment.
Focus on strengths: Help your child build confidence by recognizing and nurturing their unique talents and abilities.
Be patient: ADHD is a lifelong journey, and growth happens over time with the right strategies.
For adults with ADHD, seeking professional guidance, building systems of support, and embracing self-compassion are key to managing the condition effectively.
By addressing these misconceptions, we can create a more supportive and inclusive world for children and adults with ADHD. Recognizing the realities of ADHD helps to reduce stigma and foster understanding, allowing individuals with ADHD to thrive.
Parenting Alongside You!
Dr. Emma Hostetter and The Aparently Parenting Team
SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE PARENTING RESOURCES
We know you're busy! So, we'll make sure to only send the IMPORTANT PARENTING stuff!!
We hate SPAM. We will never sell your information, for any reason.
